How Crystallization Reactor Effects Work

An experimental study of a semibatch reaction crystallization is presented. ... The crystallizer is a 1-L glass tank reactor equipped with four baffles of stainless steel and of dimensions in Figure 1. ... (Ulbrecht and Patterson, 1985) and the work of Nielsen (1964) lead us to suggest the following description of this process. In the feed zone ...

Apr 01, 2018 This work serves as a basis for future research of P recovery by crystallization processes and responses to the increasingly stringent problems of eutrophication and the growing depletion of P resources. ... (2016) designed an air-lift reactor with a settler to improve the recirculation and fluidization of small particles, consequently ...

Apr 08, 2020 The Radleys Lab Reactor System (Radleys, Shire Hill, Essex, UK) 19 was employed for the crystallization experiments, which consists of a 0.5-L unbaffled jacketed glass crystallizer with a dish-shaped bottom, as illustrated in Fig. 2. The solution temperature was maintained by a Huber Ministat 230 thermostatic bath operated through an in-house ...

Apr 12, 2017 The present work reports the comparison of the effectiveness of ultrasonic bath and horn for intensifying the cooling crystallization of oxalic acid for the first time. The effect of various parameters such as temperature, crystallization time, irradiation time, ultrasonic frequency and ultrasonic power on the crystal characteristics has been ...

Aug 03, 2019 In this article, we report, for the first time, a reactive seeded cooling crystallization of paracetamol successfully performed in a continuous oscillatory baffled reactor (COBR). The synthesis of acetaminophen took place in the first part of the COBR and generated the solvent for crystallization via a specific ratio of starting materials. Seeded cooling …

Aug 05, 2013 Hardness can be removed from hard waters by growth of calcium carbonate crystals in a fluidized bed reactor called pellet reactor. The design, setting up, starts up and reaching optimal condition for calcium carbonate crystallization process in a pellet reactor which has been initially seeded with sand as a crystal citation can be a successful ...

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Considering the above views, especially in the mixing effect in the crystallization reactor, the current study was conducted to test the effects of impeller location, impeller speed, and …

Dec 15, 2020 Hydroxyapatite crystallization-based phosphorus recovery coupling with the nitrogen removal through partial nitritation/anammox in a single reactor.: For digest ... The relevant theoretical calculation also revealed that the sludge discharge manipulation has direct effect on the sludge composition and aggregate structure. In sum, the results ...

Description of the crystallization setup The crystallization is conducted in a thermostated, 250 ml jacketed glass reactor (see gure 4(a)) equipped with a stirrer. A thermostat pumps a mixture of glycol and water through the jacket and uses a Pt100 thermocouple positioned in the reactor to control the reactor temperature. Get Details

In this study, crystallization and disso-lution temperatures were measured as a function of cooling rate and impeller speed for the batch cooling crystallization of alpha pABA (a-pABA) from ethanol. The data were obtained in a 0.5-L jacketed glass crystallizer agitated using a retreat curved impeller. The onset of crystallization was detected via a

In this work, the effects of impurities on the growth behaviors of crystal layer during static layer melt crystallization (LMC) was studied. The crystal layer structure, growth rates, melt...

Jan 18, 2017 The crystallization of struvite in fluidized-bed crystallizer (FBC) was performed to treat synthetic wastewaters that contain phosphorous. Under optimal conditions (pH 9.5, molar ratio Mg/N/P = 1.3/4/1, struvite seed dose (53-297 μm) = 30 g L-1, total flow rate = 12 ml min-1, reflux = 120 ml min-1), the removal of phosphate (PR) and the crystallization ratio (CR) were …

Jul 03, 2018 The aim is to provide a snapshot of some of the most exciting work published in the various research areas of the journal. ... the influent flow rate of the crystallization reactor had less effect on the MAP crystallization reaction, so it was not considered, and all of the influent flow rates of the experiments were fixed at 1.9 L/h.

Jul 10, 2018 Phosphorus recovery by MAP and MPP crystallization required high concentration of ammonium and potassium as coexisting species, respectively, and phosphorus reacts efficiently when the solubility products are exceeded by addition of magnesium and adjustment of pH [ 4 – 6 ]. Wastewaters that satisfy these crystallization conditions are limited.

Mar 01, 2014 The reactor used for crystallization experiments (see Fig. 3) is operating in continuous mode. When the steady state is reached (experimentally after 7 residence times), the population balance equation is solved to determine nucleation and growth rates. For this, the following assumptions are proposed: - no breaking and no agglomeration, -

Mar 15, 2021 In order to explore the structure-effect relationship between reactor optimization and struvite crystallization effect and N, P recovery efficiency, the turbulent energy (k), turbulent dissipation rate (ε) and low shear rate distribution of the reactor were simulated . The fluid circulated under the action of the water pump, and the center ...

May 09, 2012 Number-average molecular weight ( $$ \\overline{M}_{n} $$ ) variation of polyethylene terephthalate with respect to crystallization temperature and time, and solid-state polymerization (SSP) time were studied using response surface experimental design method. All experiments were conducted in a fluidized bed reactor. $$ \\overline{M}_{n} $$ values were …

May 23, 2012 The overall crystallization rate of the PP/EPR in-reactor alloy prepared by multi-stage sequential polymerization process (MSSP) is retarded by increasing phase separation time (t s). However, prolonging phase separation time has little effect on the crystallization rate of the sample prepared by two-stage polymerization process (TSP).

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No consistent effect was observed on the particle size distributions of the zeolite products. These results underlined the importance of proper reactor design for unstirred syntheses, and the usefulness of a non-invasive diagnostic technique for mixing effectiveness, such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging.

Nov 01, 2017 The effect of various parameters such as temperature, crystallization time, irradiation time, ultrasonic frequency and ultrasonic power on the crystal characteristics has been investigated. The average particle size of oxalic acid crystals reduced with an increase in irradiation time and ultrasonic power dissipation.

Nov 02, 2020 2.1. Material. The material studied in this work was a bimodal polyethylene sample that was prepared by the solution blending of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE, M w = 1480 kg/mol, M w /M n = 2) [] and the low molecular weight polyethylene (LMWPE, M w = 45 kg/mol, M w /M n = 3) matrix. The weight fraction of UHMWPE in the …

Nov 30, 2021 The effects of magnesium on the crystallization and stability of nickel sulfate is investigated due to earlier work showing high levels of uptake and possible incorporation of magnesium in the crystal bulk [4,26]. Finally, stability of precipitated crystals both in solution and in dry state is followed, which can have practical implications on ...

Oct 25, 2019 Abstract In the present work, the influence of Al3+, Fe3+, SO42–, F–, Mg2+ on the crystallization of urea phosphate during the synthesis process of urea phosphate with phosphoric acid and urea was investigated. The crystallization time, the yield of urea phosphate, the purity of urea phosphate, crystal morphology, and the characterization of urea phosphate …

Oct 31, 2017 In this study, the effects of residual ions on phosphorus recovery using the magnesium potassium phosphate crystallization method were investigated when magnesium was added to increase the pH. If co-existing ions affect the products, the phosphorus to potassium molar ratio (K/P ratio) of the precipitate will deviate from being equimolar.

Our previous work applied a novel supported iron oxyhydroxide (FeOOH) catalyst to effectively treat benzoic acid by hydrogen peroxide. The FeOOH catalyst was prepared via the oxidation of Fe2+ by H2O2 in the acidic condition using a fluidized-bed crystallization reactor. The major components coated …

Seed crystal inoculation increased the rate of MAP crystallization by 20.86%, as well as the MAP grain size (2.08nm with seeding versus 1.72nm without). …

Simulation of the crystallization process: product pellets seen to have a significant effect, with the values of fines local and fines growth Rates fraction varying from 0.4 (at the bottom of the reactor, consid- ered height H = 0, first point of contact between calcium and In order to describe the crystallization process of synthetic CaF2 ...

The effect of various parameters such as temperature, crystallization time, irradiation time, ultrasonic frequency and ultrasonic p … The present work reports the comparison of the effectiveness of ultrasonic bath and horn for intensifying the cooling crystallization of oxalic acid for the first time.

The HAP crystallization for phosphorus removal from wastewater contributes to an environmental friendly production due to the fact that it helps reduce or eliminate the water eutrophication as well as increases the recovery of mineral resources. ... 2.5, 3.0) were investigated to control the levels of supersaturation in an air-agitated reactor ...

The tailor-made reactor for controlled crystallization process is schematically shown in Fig. 2. The designs of baffles and blades in the reactor are basically important for controlled ...

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